Stadium lighting design

Previously, I explained the importance of stadium lighting design, illuminance calculation methods, inspection standards and other knowledge. The next step is the specific lighting layout and lighting layout, which is what we call "lighting" and "lighting" in our jargon.

Of course, after the stadium lighting design plan and the relatively accurate illuminance calculation are done, we need to consider the lighting and selection of lights. What kind of lights are needed, how many, and what kind of layout are all topics to be discussed in this article.

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Two ways of lighting the stadium

The purpose of reasonable lighting design in stadium lighting is to make more effective use of limited light sources and their luminous flux, and to save energy consumption while meeting illuminance requirements. Of course, we should pay attention to the correct selection of floodlights with reasonable beam angles according to the projection distance in the stage of luminaire selection.

1. Lighting method 1: Four-tower lighting

1) The key point of this lighting method lies in the choice of the location of the four-corner lighthouse. Usually, we will choose the lighthouse at the position sandwiched by the extension line after the two lines intersecting the center line of the goal and the bottom line of the ground at an angle of 15° and the center line of the half-court and the sideline at an angle of 5°. Moreover, it is best to install the lighthouse on the diagonal of the site, and then install the floodlights on the 4 high towers.

It should be noted that this lighting method is more suitable for use in stadiums without canopy, and the lighting utilization rate is not high. Furthermore, the maintenance and inspection of lamps and lanterns is a problem.

2) The height of the lighthouse should be such that the angle between the lowest row of floodlights and the center of the site and the horizontal ground of the site is 20°～30°. Exceeding this range will not only greatly increase the cost of the lighthouse, but also reduce the vertical illuminance and The ratio of horizontal illuminance affects the three-dimensional sense of object modeling and reduces the speed of identifying moving objects.

It should be noted that the vertical height from the lowest row of floodlights of the lighthouse to the horizontal plane of the site can be determined by the following formula:

　H≥L×tan25°or H≥0.4663L

Among them: H represents the vertical height m from the lowest row of floodlights of the lighthouse to the horizontal plane of the site; L represents the horizontal distance m from the center of the site to the lighthouse base.

The relationship between L and H in the above formula can also be determined by the following ratios: when the angle with the horizontal plane of the site is 25°, LH=2.1451; when the angle with the horizontal plane of the site is 20°, LH=2.7471

3) Lightning protection grounding facilities should be installed on the top of the lighthouse, and the grounding resistance should not be greater than 10Ω. There should be no less than 2 red height indicator lights on the top of the lighthouse. The terminal box installed on the lighthouse, the cables and wires to be laid are all provided by the lighthouse factory.

4) The installation position of the lighthouse and the projection angle and height of the lowest row of floodlights on the tower should meet the following requirements: α>5°, β>15°, 20°<γ<30°, 45°<θ<70°

2. Hybrid cloth lights

1) The lighting method that combines the light strip type and the lighthouse type organically. Generally, a large-scale comprehensive stadium has a better lighting technology effect.

2) Mixed arrangement, the projection angle and azimuth arrangement of the lighthouse can be handled appropriately and flexibly, the length of the light band can be appropriately shortened, and the height of the light band can also be appropriately reduced.

Stadium lighting design is a medium and large lighting project. Whether it is illuminance calculation, lamp selection, or later construction and installation, it is a system project, and each link is in a state of interlocking. When we are operating, we must use practice to verify the theory at every step. When deviations occur, they must be adjusted in time, and the electrical department must coordinate.